Sturmey-Archer Naben

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Da dieser Artikel gerade übersetzt wird, bitte etwas Geduld aufbringen bis nach Fertigstellung dieser Hinweis verschwindet --Bikegeissel 10:04, 11. Okt. 2013 (UTC)

In fast allen englischen Dreigang-Fahrrädern sind Sturmey-Archer Hinterradnaben verbaut. Es existieren und existierten viele verschiedene Modelle, sitdem das Unternehmen 1902 gegründet wurde. Sturmey-Archer war bis zum Herbst 2000 eine Abteilung von Raleigh Industires, bis der Mutterkonzern in finanziele Schwierigkeiten kam. Sturmey-Archer wurde durch einige Konzernmanöver heimatlos und man konnte erwarten, dass das Unternehmen auf kurz oder lang bankrott gehen würde. Das land, auf dem die Fabrik stand, wurde verkauft und Sturmey-Archer was kurz davor von einem Firmenausschlachter liquidiert zu werden. Glücklicherweise hat ein taiwanesisches Unternehmen namnes SunRace Sturmey-Archer gerettet und kaufte die letzten noch verbliebenen Firmenanlagen. Der Maschinenpark und das Lager wurde nach Taiwan verschifft. SunRace nahm die Produktion bestehender und einiger neuer Modelle in Taiwan wieder auf.

Die Qualität von Strumey-Archer Produkten hatte seit den frühen 1960er Jahren deutlich abgenommen, nachdem man beschlossen hatte, nicht mehr gute Produkte zu verbessern wie man es inder ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts gemacht hatte, sondern Wege gesucht hat, ein akzeptables Produkt billiger herzustellen. Die qualitativ besten Sturmey-Archer Produkte gab es in den späten 1950er Jahren.

SunRace hat eine Menge Geld dafür ausgegeben, den Maschinenpark von ENgalnd nach Taiwan zu transportieren. Als die Maschinen angekommen waren, stellte man fest, dass das meiste davon verschlissener Sperrmüll war, der nicht mehr tauglich war Teile herzustellen, deren Präzisionsgrad der Technik des 21. jahrhunderts entsprach.

Sheldon Brown hörte eine interessante Anekdote aus dem Mund eines ehemaligen Strumey-Archer Mitarbeiters, der inzwischen bei SunRace/Sturmey-Archer arbeitet:

Früher kam es gelegentlich vor, dass eine Charge von internen Bauteilen ein ganz klein wenig aus der Toleranz abwichen - manchmal etwas zu klein, manchmal etwas zu groß. Die Leute aus der Produktion nahmen ein Bauteil aus der Charge als Beispiel mit zu einem grauhaarigen Ingenieur, der das überprüfen sollte. Meistens sagte der dann: "Nun, das Bauteil ist etwas außerhalb der Spezifikation. Jedoch nicht so weit, dass es Problemem verursachen wird. Also weitermachen!"
SunRace hat diese Ingenieure nicht zur Verfügung, die mit Sturmey-Archer im Blut groß geworden sind. Daher wird jetzt bei Chargen, die sich nicht innerhalb der Spezifikation bewegen, gesagt: "Die sind außerhalb der Spezifikation. Die Bauteile müssen wieder eingeschmolzen werden und Neue hergestellt werden. Diesesmal bitte richtig machen!"

Auf jeden Fall ist die Qualität der taiwanesischen Prokduktion von SunRace/Sturmey-Archer exzellent. Im Allgemeinen ist sie sogar wesentlich besser als diejenige aus später englischer Produktion. Das Angebot an Nabenschaltungen bei Sturmey-Archer ist weit größer als bei anderen Herstellern. Ihr Produkte sind meistens leichter als die der Konkurrenz. SunRace hat eine Menge neuer Modelle eingeführt. Darunter befinden sich eine Acht-Gang-Nabenschaltung, eine fixed-gear Dreigangshaltung und eine verbesserte Version des Dynohub Dynamos. Viele Sturmey-Archer Naben - sogare die Acht-Gang-Nabe - passen in die schmaleren Hinterbau-Einbaubreiten älterer Fahrräder.

Manche Leute glauben, dass die Taiwanesen nicht so gute Produkte herstelen können, wie es die Briten machten. Dafür gibt es aber keine faktischen Beweise und in den meisten Fällen kann diese Annahme auf Rassimus zurückgeführt werden.

Aktuelle Sturmey-Archer Modelle und die meisten anderen seit den 1930er Jahren

Tabellenzellen, die rosa hinterlegt sind, deuten auf aktuelle Modelle (ab 2009) hin.

Schnellzugriff
Zwei Gänge	Drei Gänge	Vier Gänge
Fünf Gänge (1967-2008)	Fünf Gänge (ab 2009)	Sieben Gänge
Acht Gänge	Ein Gang Bremsnaben	Vorderradnaben

Individuelle Modelle Verlinkte individuelle Modelle sind zumeist älteren Baujahres.
AB	AB/C	AC	AG	AM	AR	ASC	AT3	AW	AWC	BF	BFC
BF/C	BFT	BR	BRC	BRT	FB	FC	FG	FM	FW	GH6	K
KB	KBC	KS	KSW	KT	KTC	S5	S5-2	S3C	SAB3	SBF	SBR
Sprinter S5	Sprinter 7	ST	SW	T	TB	TBC	TBF	TBFC	TCW	TF	VT

Naben mit Nabenschaltung

Zwei Gänge

Modell	Gänge	Bandbreite	Übersetzung(%)	Eigenschaften
B2C	2	Breit	138 100	Zweigang-Rücktrittschaltung mit Rücktrittbremse, Stahlhülle. Siehe auch Rücktrittbremsen.
S2C	2	Wide	138 100	2-speed kickback hub, coaster brake, aluminum shell. Also see coaster-brake page.
S2	2	Wide	138 100	2-speed kickback hub, no brake, aluminum shell.
S2 (1960)	2	Wide	100 71.4	Note, same model number as new S2 but different ratios. 1960s model with kickback shifting
T	2	Medium	100 75	A rare 1930s model, made for club bicycles and tandems. If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
TB	2	Wide	100 75	A rare 1930s two-speed hub with cable/rod-operated drum brake. Similar to TBC If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
TBC	2	Wide	100 75	A rare 1930s two-speed hub with cable-operated drum brake. Similar to TB If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
TBF	2	Wide	100 75	A rare 1930s fixed gear two-speed hub with cable/rod-operated drum brake. Similar to TBFC If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
TBFC	2	Wide	100 75	A rare 1930s fixed gear two-speed hub with cable-operated drum brake. Similar to TBF If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
TC	2	Close	100 86.54	A rare 1930s model, made for club bicycles. See: sa-1938f2.jpeg (176k) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
TF	2	Medium	100 75	A rare 1930s fixed gear model, made for club bicycles and tandems. The fixed-gear version of the T Sturmey-Archer TF If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.

Drei Gänge

Siehe auch

Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Dreigangnaben

Model	Speeds	Range	Gears(%)	Features
AB	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Basically an AW, with cable-operated drum brake.
AB3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	With cable-operated 90 mm drum brake. Still sold in 2010.
AB/C	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	With cable-operated 90 mm drum brake. Still sold in 2010.
AC	3	Close	106.66 100 93.3	A rare model, made for club bicycles, time trials.
AG	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Basically, an AW with a built-in Dynohub generator.
AM	3	Medium	115.55 100 86.54	A rare model, made for club bicycles.
AR	3	Ultra Close	107.24 100 93.24	A very rare 1930's model, made for club/racing bicycles. Sturmey-Archer AR If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
ASC	3	Close	100 90 75	Fixed gear. Extremely rare, and lots of fun! This site has two separate pages devoted to this hub: See the main ASC Page for general info, and the ASC Tech Page for service instructions, cutaway and exploded diagrams. In 2010, SunRace/Sturmey Archer has introduced a new 3-speed fixed gear hub, the S3X
AT3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	"Elite" 70 mm drum brake and no-intermediate-gear (no neutral) internals. "Elite" indicates a hub with an aluminium shell.
AW	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	This is far and away the most common model, introduced in 1936. No-neutral-gear version still sold in 2010 --75th anniversary is coming up in 2011! Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
AWC	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Three speed coaster brake. No-neutral-gear version. Steel shell. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
AWC(II)	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Slight modification to the AWC. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
CS-RF3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Hybrid gearing, fits a Shimano or SRAM 8- or 9-speed cassette.
BWR	3	Extra-wide	63.8 100 156.7	Special Brompton extra wide-ratio 3-speed used with 2 sprockets and a rear derailer to make a 6-speed hybrid-gearing system.
CS-RK3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Hybrid gearing, fits a Shimano or SRAM 8- or 9-speed cassette. Disk brake fitting
K	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	The immediate predecessor of the AW If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
KB	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	With rod-operated drum brake. (Similar to the KBC) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
KBC	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	With cable-operated drum brake. 1930's predecessor to the AB Sturmey-Archer KBC If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
KS	3	Close	112.5 100 89.9	A rare 1930s model, made for club bicycles and tandems. Sturmey-Archer KS If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
KSW	3	Medium	116.6 100 85.7	A rare 1930s model, made for club bicycles and tandems. Sturmey-Archer KS If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
KT	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Tandem hub with cable/rod-operated drum brake. Similar to KTC Sturmey-Archer KT If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
KTC	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Tandem hub with cable-operated drum brake. Similar to KT If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
QS-RC3	3 + reverse	Wide	133.3 100 75	Coaster brake, aluminum shell, reverse gear and second sprocket, made for a tricycle. This is a gearbox, not a hub and must be used in an intermediate position on the frame, with two chains, because the secondary sprocket attaches where the spokes would.
RS-RF3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	New version similar to the AW, with an aluminum shell. Rotary shifting interface inside the dropout; no brake.
RX-RD3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	New version similar to the AW, with an aluminum shell. Rotary shifting interface inside the dropout; 70mm drum brake
SAB3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Steel shell, 70mm drum brake. No-intermediate-gear mechanism. Still sold in 2010
SBR	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	"Steelite" with 70 mm drum brake. "Steelite" indicates a hub with a steel shell.
S3C	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Coaster brake. After Consumer Reports rated the TCW IV "unacceptable" because the brake would fail completely if the shift cable was misadjusted, Sturmey-Archer completely redesigned the Tricoaster, so that the braking was independent of the gear-change. This model is safer than the TCW series, but is still prone to failure. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
S3X	3	Mid	100 75 62.5	SunRace/Sturmey-Archer's new-production 3-speed fixed gear, supplanting the rare ASC. A matching front hub, the HBT, is available.
S-RC3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Aluminum-shell version of the AWC(II), with coaster brake.
S-RF3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	New version similar to the AW, with an aluminum shell. Improved pullchain interface; no brake.
SW	3	Superwide	138.4 100 72.23	This model was intended to replace the AW in 1957, but was so troublesome that it was withdrawn, and the AW re-introduced in 1958. The SW uses a unique 3-prong driver, and has crescent shape pawls that don't use pawl springs. When they work, they're very nice. They are light, nearly silent, and efficient. None of the internal parts are interchangeable with other models. See Brian Hayes's article on this site.
SX-RB3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Wide-body 3-speed (for wide dropout spacing) with threads on left side for band brake drum or sprocket.
SX-RK3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Wide-body 3-speed (for wide dropout spacing) with fitting for brake disk.
TCW	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	Coaster brake. Mark I, II, III, IV. Unreliable, replaced by the S3C. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
TS-RC3	3 + reverse	Wide	133.3 100 75	Coaster brake, high-polish aluminum shell, reverse gear and second sprocket: made for a tricycle. This is a gearbox, not a hub, and must be used in an intermediate position on the frame, with two chains, because the second sprocket attaches at the spoke holes on the right side.
TS-RF3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	No brake, high-polish aluminum shell, reverse gear and second sprocket: made for a tricycle. This is a gearbox, not a hub, and must be used in an intermediate position on the frame, with two chains, because the second sprocket attaches at the spoke holes on the right side.
XL-RD3	3	Wide	133.3 100 75	90 mm drum brake, aluminum shell.
X-RD3	3 + reverse	Wide	133.3 100 75	70 mm drum brake, aluminum shell.

Vier Gänge

Siehe auch

• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Vier-, Fünf- und Siebengangnaben

Model	Speeds	Range	Gears(%)	Features
FB	4	Wide	126.6 100 79.9 66.67	With cable-operated drum brake. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
FC	4	Close	109.1 100 90 75	A rare model, made for club bicycles.
FG	4	Wide	126.6 100 79.9 66.67	Basically an FW with a built-in Dynohub generator. I have one of these on my 1954 Superbe Roadster. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
FM	4	Medium	112.5 100 85.7 66.7	A rare model, made for club bicycles.
FW	4	Wide	126.6 100 78.9 66.67	The most common four-speed model. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.

Fünf Gänge (1967-2008)

Siehe auch

• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Vier-, Fünf- und Siebengangnaben

Model	Speeds	Range	Gears(%)	Features
5-speed alloy	5	Wide	150 126.6 100 78.9 66.67	An S5-2 with a beefy alloy shell; late UK production. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
5-Star	5	Wide		First single-cable 5-speed hub -- a problem hub.
5-Star drum brake	5	Wide		Single cable, with drum brake -- a problem hub.
AB-5	5	Wide		Steel shell, 90 mm drum brake, introduced ca. 1999
AT5	5	Wide		Aluminum shell, 70 mm drum brake, single cable; introduced in 1993
S5	5	Wide		The earliest 5-speed hub, a modified FW. The original S5 used two cables, a conventional 3-speed type on the right, and a bellcrank/pushrod unit on the left. The right lever/cable has 3 positions, and works as a normal 3-speed hub. The left lever/cable converts the hub from a medium ratio to a wide ratio 3-speed. Since the middle gear is direct drive, the left control has no effect on the middle gear. Most, if not all Sturmey-Archer 4-speeds can be converted to 5-speeds. The planet cage is the same but the axle and large sun gear must be replaced so they engage in both directions. See additional information. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
S5/1	5	Wide		Replaced the S5; used two pullchains rather than having a bell crank on the left side. Unreliable, tended to pop out of low gear. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
S5-2	5	Wide		Improved, reliable version of the S5/1. The S5-2 has a bit more internal friction than the plain S5. Axle assembly and axle gears are different. Also see rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
SAB-5	5	Wide		70 mm drum brake
S-RC5	5	Wide		Aluminum shell, ball locking.
Sprinter S5	5	Wide		5-speed single-cable; introduced 1993-1994
Sprinter S5 Elite	5	Wide		Aluminum shell 5-speed single-cable, introduced 1993-1994
Sprinter S5C Coaster	5	Wide		5-speed single-cable with coaster brake, introduced 1993-1994
S-RC5	5	Wide		Ball locking mechanism ca. 1999, coaster brake
S-RF5	5	Wide		Ball locking mechanism ca. 1999
S-RK5	5	Wide		Ball locking mechanism ca. 1999, disk brake fitting
X-RC5	5	Wide		Ball locking mechanism ca. 1999, coaster brake
X-RD5	5	Wide		Ball locking mechanism ca. 1999, drum brake, large flanges
X-RF5	5	Wide		Ball locking mechanism ca. 1999, no brake, large flanges
X-RK5	5	Wide		Ball locking mechanism ca. 1999, disk brake fitting,large flanges

Fünf Gänge (ab 2009)

Siehe auch

• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Vier-, Fünf- und Siebengangnaben

Model	Speeds	Range	Gears(%)	Features
QS-RC5	5+ reverse	Wider	160 133.3 100 75 62.5	Wider ratio, introduced 2009, coaster brake, reverse rear and second sprocket. This is a gearbox, not a hub, and must be used in an intermediate position on the frame, with two chains, because there is a bracket that goes across where the spokes would be.
S5C(W)	5	Wider		Wider ratio, introduced 2009, coaster brake, steel shell.
S-RC5(W)	5	Wider		Wider ratio, introduced 2009, coaster brake, aluminum shell
S-RF5(W)	5	Wider		Wider ratio, introduced 2009, no brake, aluminum shell
XL-RD5(W)	5	Wider		Wider ratio, introduced 2009, 90 mm drum brake, aluminum shell
X-RC5(W)	5	Wider		Wider ratio, introduced 2009, coaster brake, large-flange aluminum shell
X-RD5(W)	5	Wider		Wider ratio, introduced 2009, 70 mm drum brake, aluminum shell
X-RF5(W)	5	Wider		wider ratio, introduced 2009, no brake, large-flange aluminum shell
X-RK5(W)	5	Wider		wider ratio, introduced 2009, disk brake fitting, large-flange aluminum shell

Sieben Gänge

Siehe auch

• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Vier-, Fünf- und Siebengangnaben

Model	Speeds	Range	Gears(%)	Features
AT7/Sprinter 7 Elite	7	Wide	168 145 124 100 80 69 60	7-speed single cable with drum brake. See also my article on 4, 5 and 7-speed Sturmey-Archer hubs
Sprinter 7	7	Wide		7-speed single cable, steel shell.
Sprinter 7 Coaster	7	Wide		7-speed single cable with coaster brake.
X-R7	7	Wide		Different appearance, ball locking sun gears, otherwise like the Sprinter 7.
X-RC7	7	Wide		Different appearance, ball locking sun gears, otherwise like the Sprinter 7 Coaster.
X-RD7	7	Wide		Different appearance, ball locking sun gears, otherwise like the AT7.

Acht Gänge

Siehe auch

• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Achtgangnaben

Model	Speeds	Range	Gears(%)	Features
X-RD8	8	Mid	305 238 210 186 164 145 128 100	Discontinued, drum brake
X-RF8	8	Mid		Discontinued, no brake.
XRD8	8	Wide		Discontinued, internal drum brake.
X-RK8	8	Mid		Discontinued, fitting for disk brake
X-RR8	8	Mid		Discontinued, roller brake
S80(W)	8	Wide	325 250 220 192 169 148 130 100	Current model, 2010, no brake, steel shell. Only gears up, especially suitable for small-wheel bicycles.
X-RF8(W)	8	Wide		Current model, 2010, no brake.
X-RD8(W)	8	Wide		Current model, 2010, internal drum brake.
X-RK8(W)	8	Wide		Current model, 2010, fitting for disk brake

Ein Gang Bremsnaben

Model	Features
BR	Drum brake for rod operation (similar to BRC) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
BRC	Drum brake for cable operation (similar to BR) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
BRD	Drum brake for rod operation (derailer-compatible version of BR) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
BRCD	Drum brake for cable operation (derailer-compatible version of BRC) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
BRT	Tandem drum brake for cable operation (similar to BRC) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
SAB	"Steelite" 70 mm drum brake for cable operation
SC	Coaster brake. See rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
SC1	Coaster brake. See rebuilding instructions in Sutherland's Handbook of Coaster Brake and Internally Geared Hubs.
ST	"Elite" (aluminum shell) 70 mm drum brake for cable operation
X-RD	Freewheel hub with 90 mm drum brake, 2010 production
X-RDC	Cassette hub with 90mm drum brake, 2010 production

Vorderradnaben

Model	Features
BF	Formerly, drum brake for rod operation (similar to BFC) Now this name is used for a 90mm cable-operated drum brake (current model). If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
BFC	Drum brake for cable operation (similar to BF). If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
BF/C	90 mm drum brake for cable operation (current model is called the BF but refers to this one's technical info.)
BFT	Tandem drum brake for cable operation (similar to BFC) If you have a fast connection, you can see sales brochures for this model.
HBT	Front track hub to match the S3X fixed-gear hub. Available in several colors.
GH6	Front hub with built-in Dynohub generator.
SBF	70 mm "Steelite" drum brake for cable operation (current model)
VT	70 mm "Elite" drum brake for cable operation
X-FD	Front hub with 70mm drum brake.
X-FDD	Front hub with 70mm drum brake and new-model Dynohub generator.
XL-FD	Front hub with 90mm drum brake
XL-FDD	Front hub with 90mm drum brake and new-model Dynohub generator.
X-SD	Front single-side (tadpole tricycle front) hub with 70mm drum brake.
XL-SD	Front single-side (tadpole tricycle front) hub with 90mm drum brake.

Siehe auch

• Rücktrittbremsen
• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Dreigangnaben
• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Vier-, Fünf- und Siebengangnaben
• Wartung von Sturmey-Archer Achtgangnaben
• Modell und Produktionsjahbestimmung von Sturmey-Archer Nabenschaltungen
• Techniktipps zu Sturmey-Archer Nabenschaltungen
• Sturmey-Archer Web site -- information on current hubs
• Sturmey-Archer Heritage Web site -- information on hubs from 1902 through 2000.
• Tony Hadland's Web Sturmey-Archer pages-- detailed history through 2000, and technical information

Quelle

Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Artikel Sturmey-Archer Bicycle Hubs von der Website Sheldon Browns. Originalautor des Artikels ist Sheldon Brown.